Tag: Enbridge Line 5

Tribes, Environmental Groups Urge Michigan Appeals Court to Reverse Enbridge Line 5 Tunnel Permit Approval

Published on January 14th, 2025 by - Blog Posts, News, Reports & Media Releases

January 14, 2025

Lansing, Mich. – Today, attorneys representing several tribal nations and environmental groups asked the Michigan Court of Appeals to reverse the Michigan Public Service Commission’s flawed December 2023 order approving a permit for Enbridge to build a tunnel for its Line 5 oil pipeline beneath the lakebed of the Straits of Mackinac. Separate legal challenges were brought before the Commission by the tribes and environmental groups, who appealed the Commission’s decision to greenlight the permit. Those appeals were consolidated and argued today before the Court of Appeals.

The Bay Mills Indian Community, Grand Traverse Band of Ottawa and Chippewa Indians, Little Traverse Bay Band of Odawa Indians, and Nottawaseppi Huron Band of the Potawatomi have lived on the lands of present-day Michigan since time immemorial and hold deep spiritual, cultural, and economic connections to the Straits of Mackinac. They argue that the Commissioners unlawfully barred key evidence about the public need for Line 5 and about the risk of future oil spills along the pipeline’s length.

“Michiganders do not need this pipeline to keep pumping oil through the heart of the Great Lakes,” said Attorney Adam Ratchenski for Earthjustice, which is representing the Tribes alongside the Native American Rights Fund (NARF). “The Commission was so eager to rubber-stamp this massive project for Enbridge that they refused to consider the atrocious record of oil spills along this failing pipeline while making a decision that would secure its operation – and all the pollution that comes with it – for up to 99 years.”

The Environmental Law & Policy Center (ELPC) and Michigan Climate Action Network (MiCAN) asserted in court that the Commission failed to consider that Enbridge’s proposed project poses a dangerous threat for a catastrophic oil spill in the Great Lakes, increases climate change impacts, and undermines Michigan’s clean energy transition goals. They urged the Court of Appeals to set aside the Commission’s permit decision and require further review and analysis of environmental impacts and alternatives consistent with the requirements of the Michigan Environmental Protection Act (MEPA).

“The reality is that we are moving away from fossil fuels. We have to, if we are to have any chance of avoiding a climate disaster,” said Denise Keele, MiCAN’s executive director. “The last thing we need in Michigan is construction of a new fossil fuel infrastructure like a new pipeline under the Straits, which would lock in more reliance on oil. The Commission’s initial approval of the Enbridge tunnel project must be reversed if we want a realistic shot at shifting to clean energy in Michigan and ending our reliance on dirty fossil fuels.”

FLOW Legal Director Carrie La Seur gives oral arguments in the Michigan Court of Appeals (January 14, 2025)

“Today we argued that the Commission must require Enbridge to properly quantify and evaluate greenhouse gas pollution and climate change impacts in line with the Michigan Environmental Protection Act,” said David Scott, Senior attorney at ELPC. “The Commission must also fully and fairly assess the public need and feasible alternatives to the proposed tunnel that would avoid climate risks and conserve Michigan’s natural resources. The Commission failed to do that before approving the permit.”

“Enbridge’s Line 5 tunnel proposal is a desperate effort to suck the last few pennies of corporate profit from an aged-out pipeline, while socializing the cost of vast new fossil fuel infrastructure,” said For Love of Water (FLOW) Legal Director Carrie La Seur. “If Enbridge really cared about oil spills, it would respect Governor Whitmer’s statesmanlike decision to protect the Great Lakes by withdrawing the easement. FLOW argued today that the MPSC’s analysis of tunnel alternatives is fatally flawed, because it ignores the likelihood that market realities will shut down the pipeline long before consumers have paid for a multi-billion dollar tunnel through price hikes.”

Risky, costly, and ill-advised: New report and webinar analyzes the Enbridge Line 5 tunnel project

Published on January 7th, 2025 by - Blog Posts

WATCH THE WEBINAR RECORDING

 

Enbridge’s plan to bore a tunnel between Lake Michigan and Lake Huron to replace an underwater segment of Line 5 is costly and ill-advised, according to a new report from the Institute for Energy Economics and Financial Analysis (IEEFA). The report shows that the aging pipeline is servicing a shrinking market and is facing additional challenges that will make it costly to maintain operations. The report also shows that the pipeline tunnel will likely be more costly than project proponents have disclosed publicly to date. IEEFA’s analysis concludes that Enbridge should question whether it makes sense to keep sinking money into an old pipeline when markets for its products are on a declining trajectory. Download the report.

Live Webinar: January 15 at 12:00pm EST

FLOW will host a free, live webinar with IEEFA report co-authors Suzanne Mattei, Energy Policy Analyst; and David Schlissel, Director of Resource Planning Analysis. We’ll talk about the report’s findings and answer your questions. The webinar will be moderated by FLOW Legal Director Carrie La Seur.

About IEEFA

The Institute for Energy Economics and Financial Analysis (IEEFA) examines issues related to energy markets, trends, and policies. The Institute’s mission is to accelerate the transition to a diverse, sustainable and profitable energy economy. IEEFA’s nonpartisan and evidence-based approach provides solid ground on which to base sound investment and policy decisions and to challenge misinformation.

Webinar Guest Speakers

Suzanne Mattei is an attorney with over 30 years of experience in public interest law and policy. She has analyzed the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission’s policies related to interstate pipeline approval. She has also conducted research on blue hydrogen, petrochemical projects, gas flaring and fossil fuel extraction on public lands.

Suzanne is a former regional director for the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, where she supervised permitting and enforcement in New York City, with an area population of about 8 million.

Previously, in City government oversight positions, her analysis helped spur the City to abandon a risky plan to sell its drinking water supply system to a state-run authority and to reject a costly, ill-advised plan to build garbage incinerators. Her investigation on behalf of Sierra Club exposed the federal government’s failure to curb exposure to pollution from the 9/11 World Trade Center disaster. Her testimony to Congress helped lead to a law that aids 9/11 responders and survivors.

Suzanne helped to establish free legal assistance and secure federal aid for bereaved families after the 9/11 disaster, and for Ground Zero workers suffering from negative health impacts.

She has a juris doctor degree from Yale University and B.A. from Washington State University. She is admitted to practice law in New York.

David Schlissel is an IEEFA analyst with 50 years of experience as an economic and technical consultant on energy and environmental issues.

He has testified as an expert witness before regulatory commissions in more than 35 states and before the U.S. Federal Energy Regulatory Commission and the Nuclear Regulatory Commission.

Schlissel’s work has included researching, writing and testifying about the U.S. nuclear industry and the cost overruns, construction delays and other challenges associated with many nuclear projects. He has engineering degrees from MIT and Stanford University as well as a Juris Doctor from Stanford Law School. He also has studied nuclear engineering at MIT in a non-degree program.

FLOW, GLBN, and Sierra Club file joint amici brief in Nessel v. Enbridge lawsuit

Published on December 5th, 2024 by - Blog Posts, News, Reports & Media Releases

FLOW, Great Lakes Business Network, and Sierra Club File Joint Amici Brief in Nessel v. Enbridge Lawsuit, Dismantling Enbridge’s Allegations and Defending State Sovereignty

 

Contact:
Carrie La Seur, FLOW Legal Director
carrie@flowforwater.org
(231) 944-1568

Traverse City, Mich. – On December 2, 2024, For Love of Water (FLOW), Great Lakes Business Network (GLBN), and Sierra Club filed an amici curiae brief opposing Enbridge’s motion for summary disposition in the Line 5 lawsuit Nessel v. Enbridge. The three groups, representing tens of thousands of Michigan residents and hundreds of Michigan businesses, weighed in as “friends of the court”, arguing that Michigan has both the power and the duty to protect publicly held bottomlands in the Straits of Mackinac from the urgent threat of a pipeline breach.

The amici brief makes the case that the 1977 Transit Pipelines Treaty between the US and Canada explicitly reserves for the states the authority to regulate cross-border pipelines in the area of environmental protection. AG Nessel’s complaint targets the failing underwater section of Line 5, wholly within Michigan’s sovereign territory. Pointing out how Enbridge has misread the treaty, lawyers for FLOW, GLBN, and Sierra Club outlined how the U.S. Supreme Court has long held that the Constitution protects traditional states’ rights and responsibilities – including the responsibility to protect public trust resources like the Great Lakes.

The Line 5 controversy indeed exposes a threat to the prudent conduct of our nation’s foreign policy – and that threat is Enbridge. Hiding behind the cloak of the foreign affairs doctrine, Enbridge seeks a judicial stamp of approval for a new U.S. foreign policy – one that would privilege a foreign oil company’s uninterruptible flow of hydrocarbons over the sovereign rights and responsibilities of the states.

FLOW Legal Director Carrie La Seur said, “With this week’s filing, our coalition again stands with AG Nessel to defend Michigan’s priceless natural heritage from an urgent threat.”

Andy Buchsbaum, the Great Lakes Business Network’s attorney stated, “Enbridge continues to try to stop Michigan’s top law enforcement officer from preventing a massive oil spill in the Great Lakes that would devastate millions of people and thousands of businesses. That’s shocking, and we can’t let it happen. Great Lakes businesses are standing up for the Great Lakes in court, before Congress and wherever else we need to be.”

FLOW, GLBN, and Sierra Club separately briefed the court in 2019 and 2021, arguing for Michigan’s sovereignty and public trust rights, and detailing irreparable harm that would befall the region’s economic security and quality of life if the judicial relief sought by AG Nessel – the revocation of the Line 5 easement and the shut down of Line 5 – is not granted before Line 5 ruptures.

“We appreciate Attorney General Nessel continuing to fight for protecting our Great Lakes and the people of Michigan from a pending oil spill disaster,” said Elayne Coleman, Sierra Club – Michigan Chapter Director. “Enbridge has thrown millions of dollars into their efforts to undermine Michigan’s right to oversee our public trust. We’re not going to bend to a Canadian oil giant, and we’re glad Attorney General Nessel isn’t backing down, either.”

[ Download Amici Brief (PDF) ]

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For Love of Water (FLOW) is a nonpartisan 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization based in Traverse City, Michigan. Our mission is to ensure the waters of the Great Lakes Basin are healthy, public, and protected for all. With a staff of legal and policy experts, writers, and community builders, FLOW is a trusted resource for Great Lakes advocates. We help communities, businesses, agencies, and legislators make informed policy decisions and protect public trust rights to water. Learn more at www.forloveofwater.org

The Great Lakes Business Network is a coalition of businesses dedicated to preserving the integrity and vitality of the Great Lakes, fostering sustainable business practices, and advocating for policies that protect the environment and the economy of the Great Lakes region. It is co-managed by National Wildlife Federation and Groundwork for Resilient Communities. Learn more at glbusinessnetwork.com

Sierra Club is America’s largest and most influential grassroots environmental organization, with more than 3.5 million members and supporters. In addition to protecting every person’s right to get outdoors and access the healing power of nature, the Sierra Club works to promote clean energy, safeguard the health of our communities, protect wildlife, and preserve our remaining wild places through grassroots activism, public education, lobbying, and legal action. For more information, visit www.sierraclub.org.

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FLOW & GLBN Brief: Michigan has Sovereign Right and Duty to Protect Great Lakes Waters and Bottomlands

Published on October 24th, 2024 by - Blog Posts, Reports & Media Releases

Download the amici brief [filed October 22, 2024]

Traverse City, Mich.—On October 22, FLOW (For Love of Water) and Great Lakes Business Network (GLBN) filed a brief calling on the U.S. Court of Appeals to stop a pipeline company from stripping away Michigan’s power to protect the Great Lakes.

Enbridge Energy, which owns the dual Line 5 pipelines, launched the 2020 federal lawsuit Enbridge v. Gov. Gretchen Whitmer in defiance of Governor Whitmer’s 2020 order revoking an easement for the Line 5 across the Straits of Mackinac bottomlands. FLOW and GLBN’s brief supports the appeal by the State of Michigan to reverse the July 5, 2024 order by Judge Robert J. Jonker of the U.S. District Court for the Western District of Michigan denying Gov. Whitmer’s motion to dismiss on sovereign immunity grounds. The denial, if upheld on appeal, would allow Enbridge to continue its litigation that absurdly asserts that federal law precludes the State of Michigan from enforcing its public trust rights and responsibilities regarding Enbridge’s dangerous operation of Line 5 on State-owned submerged lands at the Straits of Mackinac.

Built in 1953, Line 5 is a 71-year-old dual oil and gas pipeline exposed to fierce currents where Lake Michigan and Lake Huron meet. Ships’ anchors have repeatedly struck the pipelines and cables dragged by passing vessels have damaged the pipelines and their supports. A rupture could irreversibly harm the priceless national treasure of the Great Lakes, and cause billions of dollars of damage to the regional economy.

Not long after Enbridge filed its federal court lawsuit opposing the state’s authority to protect public trust waters, Governor Whitmer moved to dismiss the action, on the grounds that Michigan officials have immunity under the U.S. Constitution’s Eleventh Amendment from federal lawsuits that would encumber the State of Michigan’s ownership of, and jurisdiction over, submerged Great Lakes bottomlands, and interfere with Michigan’s ability to manage those lands in accordance with its public trust responsibilities. Judge Jonker held, we think wrongfully, that an exception applies allowing private parties to sue individual state officials in federal court if they are allegedly violating federal law.

In its amicus brief, FLOW and GLBN argue that Enbridge’s lawsuit against the state impairs state sovereign and public trust powers that are critical to the protection of the Great Lakes. The public trust doctrine, which was encoded in Michigan law over 100 years ago, holds that the waters and bottomlands of the Great Lakes within Michigan’s borders are held in trust by the State for the benefit of the people of Michigan, not for private interests. Long-standing legal principles that balance federal and state sovereign interests weigh in favor of states’ rights and jurisdiction over the public navigable waters and bottomlands of the Great Lakes to protect these precious resources.

As an advocacy organization committed to protecting precious state sovereign water resources, FLOW was granted permission to file a “friend of the court” or “amicus” brief, to provide the Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals with our unique perspective, knowledge, and experience regarding Michigan and Great Lakes states’ sovereign ownership of public lands and water resources under the public trust doctrine.

The Great Lakes Business Network joins FLOW in this amici brief in support of the State of Michigan, asking the Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals to reverse the District Court and order dismissal of Enbridge’s unsupportable lawsuit.

14 years ago: Enbridge oil spill disaster in Marshall, MI

Published on July 25th, 2024 by - Blog Posts

July 25, 2024 marks the 14th anniversary of one of the largest inland oil spills in U.S. history, which happened just three months after the BP Horizon Gulf Spill. On July 25, 2010, a pipeline operated by Enbridge – the same corporation operating the risky Line 5 in the Straits of Mackinac – burst and released dirty tar sands oil into Talmadge Creek, a tributary of the Kalamazoo River. Nearly forty miles of the Kalamazoo River were closed for cleanup until June 2012. Enbridge paid more than $177 million in penalties and was required to improve safety measures. The estimated cost of the cleanup was more than $1 billion.

Corrosion fatigue – poor maintenance by Enbridge – was cited as the underlying cause of the catastrophic breach by the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board. NTSB Chair Deborah Hersman compared Enbridge’s inept handling of the spill to the Keystone Kops.

“Why didn’t they recognize what was happening, and what took so long?” she asked.

Enbridge recently came under further scrutiny, as in July 2024 the US Department of Justice proposed modifications to its consent decree with Enbridge. The consent decree is a legally-binding settlement agreement that requires Enbridge to improve pipeline repair and maintenance issues. The consent decree resolved the lawsuit United States v. Enbridge Energy, which arose from failures of Enbridge pipelines in Marshall, Michigan and Romeoville, Illinois. The proposed modifications would require Enbridge to reassess previously identified cracks in the Lakehead pipeline system – of which Line 5 is a part.

Fourteen years after Marshall, Enbridge still hasn’t learned its lesson. We shouldn’t need the federal government to compel Enbridge to use the most up-to-date tools and rigorous methods to inspect and maintain its pipelines.

Meanwhile, the people who lived through the oil spill disaster in Marshall continue to live with its ramifications. Enbridge purchased 150 residences near the spill site, uprooting hundreds of people from their homes. Childhoods were disrupted. Generations-old homesteads were sacrificed on the altar of Enbridge’s recklessness. The plans, dreams, and security of a community were ruptured like a weak, faulty pipe. We’ll never know all of their stories. With the purchase of their properties, Enbridge bought their silence — by requiring Non-Disclosure Agreements as part of the terms.

Register for our upcoming webinar on August 20:
Enbridge Line 5: Trouble Under the Surface

WEBINAR // Enbridge Line 5: Trouble Under the Surface

Published on July 2nd, 2024 by - Blog Posts

Enbridge’s Line 5 pipeline is over 71 years old and remains a threat to the waters and people of the Great Lakes region.

On August 20, join FLOW and Oil & Water Don’t Mix for a special live webinar, and learn from a panel of experts and advocates about recent developments in the legal fight to shut down Line 5 and bring an end to Enbridge’s continuous trespass on state and sovereign indigenous lands. We’ll also talk about how coalition partners are working together at the state, local, and federal level, and how you can join the campaign to shut down Line 5, and take audience questions.

Our expert panel includes:

  • Riyaz Kanji, founding member and Directing Attorney of Kanji & Katzen – representing the Bad River Band
  • Mahyar Sorour, Deputy Legislative Director for Beyond Dirty Fuels at the Sierra Club
  • Sean McBrearty, Campaign Coordinator, Oil & Water Don’t Mix and Michigan State Director at Clean Water Action

Hosted by FLOW Executive Director Liz Kirkwood, and moderated by Senior Legal Advisor Skip Pruss.

This online webinar is free, and supported in part by a grant award from the Mackinac Island Community Foundation’s Natural Resources and Preservation Fund. Register online at www.ForLoveOfWater.org/pipeline.

Watch now!

ABOUT THE SPEAKERS

Riyaz Kanji, Founding Member and Directing Attorney, Kanji & Katzen​

Riyaz Kanji is a founding member of Kanji & Katzen, PLLC, a firm whose mission is to advance Tribal sovereignty. A graduate of Harvard College and the Yale Law School, Riyaz served as a law clerk to the late Honorable Betty Fletcher of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit and Justice David Souter of the United States Supreme Court. He is an advisor to and vocal cheerleader for the Tribal Supreme Court Project. Riyaz represents Tribes at all levels of the federal court system, and was part of the team that argued and won the decision in McGirt v. Oklahoma vindicating the continued existence of the Muscogee Creek Reservation.

Sean McBrearty is the Campaign Coordinator for the Oil & Water Don’t Mix campaign and Legislative and Policy Director at Michigan Clean Water Action, where he works on water infrastructure, oil and gas, and drinking water issues. Mr. McBrearty has served as a leader in the campaign to decommission Enbridge’s Line 5 pipeline for the past six years. He learned the importance of protecting drinking water and our environment from a young age, growing up in a community devastated by perennial droughts and poor water and air quality in California’s Central Valley

Mahyar is a Director on the Sierra Club’s Federal Policy Team based in Washington, D.C. She manages the development and implementation of legislative and administrative advocacy efforts with the Sierra Club’s Beyond Dirty Fuels Campaign. She has a background in environmental justice, policy, and grassroots organizing; working on issues related to air and water quality; energy policy; and legislative and advocacy training. 

Watch now!

The event is brought to you by:

FLOW applauds decision sending Nessel v. Enbridge Line 5 case back to state court

Published on June 18th, 2024 by - Blog Posts

FLOW (For Love of Water) applauds the federal Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals’ decision yesterday sending Michigan Attorney General Dana Nessel’s legal action against Enbridge’s Line 5 back to state court where it started. In 2019, AG Nessel sought a court order to shut down Enbridge’s failing Line 5 crude oil and natural gas pipeline. In 2020, Governor Whitmer revoked Enbridge’s easement. As a result, Line 5 now illegally occupies the Lake Michigan lakebed at the Straits of Mackinac, and presents a clear and present danger of a catastrophic spill into the Great Lakes.

Now the Sixth Circuit has held that Enbridge’s removal of AG Nessel’s lawsuit to federal court, more than two years after it was filed, was untimely and unjustified. Enbridge’s attempt to take the lawsuit to federal court came well after the deadline for removal, and the Sixth Circuit ruled that the delay could not be justified on any of the grounds cited by Enbridge or the lower court. Enbridge’s delay tactic of removal is typical of fossil fuel companies being held to account by state authorities, and it failed here.

FLOW has vigorously supported AG Nessel throughout this procedural odyssey, including submitting an amicus curiae (friend of the court) brief to the Sixth Circuit. FLOW is confident that at a trial on the merits, the AG will demonstrate the monstrous and unacceptable threat the 70-year-old Line 5 poses to the precious clean water resources of the Great Lakes, and achieve the shutdown remedy she and Governor Whitmer have so vigilantly pursued. FLOW and its many supporters and allies remain committed to this goal, and we are grateful for the leadership of AG Nessel and Gov. Whitmer in this fight.

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FLOW is an independent, 501(c)(3) nonprofit that serves as a Great Lakes water law and policy center dedicated to ensuring the waters of the Great Lakes Basin are healthy, public, and protected for all. The enduring idea of the commons and legal principles of the public trust offer unifying adaptive solutions to address basin-wide threats. FLOW’s staff of legal and policy experts, journalists, and community-builders makes FLOW an authoritative resource for Great Lakes advocates. FLOW builds a knowledge base for communities, state agencies, and legislators to inform policy and advocacy for water issues.

Recent Line 5 News

State should end discussion, take action on Line 5

Published on June 4th, 2024 by - Blog Posts

When the police pulls a resident over for going 100 mph in a 55-mph zone, they don’t cluck their tongues — they click their ticket books.

But when Michigan’s state government catches Enbridge Energy putting the Great Lakes at risk by failing again to disclose dangerous conditions on its Line 5 oil pipelines in the Mackinac Straits, the response is paralysis. The state has again caught Enbridge ignoring its legal obligation to be a proper steward of the submerged land that the state allows the company to occupy with its pipeline.

But all we’re hearing out of Lansing, and particularly Attorney General Bill Schuette is an expression of disappointment.

The difference between strict enforcement of laws against individuals and giving an oil transport giant chance after chance to meet its fundamental responsibility not to harm public waters is as stark as the difference between a single speeding motorist and a catastrophic oil spill fouling the drinking water source for millions.

The accumulation of studies, evidence of pipeline delamination and bends in June, and now exposed metal with likely corrosion, signals a dangerously flawed and ultimately incurable pair of sunken pipelines.

It’s time for our state government to stop treating the 1963 Constitution, statutes, and common law that protect our lakes as nice but meaningless environmental policy statements and start treating them as the duty the people through the Constitution and our courts have mandated. More than ever, it’s time to shut down Line 5.

FLOW’s senior advisor, Dave Dempsey, has 35 years experience in environmental policy. He served as environmental advisor to former Michigan Governor James Blanchard and as policy advisor on the staff of the International Joint Commission.  He has also provided policy support to the Michigan Environmental Council and Clean Water Action.  He has authored several books on the Great Lakes and water protection.

Troubled Water Film Screening in Frankfort!

Published on June 3rd, 2024 by - Blog Posts

Troubled Water film screening
Friday, July 19 at the Frankfort Garden Theater
Tickets $5

Join For Love of Water, the Groundwork Center, and Oil & Water Don’t Mix at the Garden Theater in Frankfort for the highly anticipated Great Lakes adventure-conservation documentary Troubled Water on Friday, July 19, at 7:30 p.m. The film screening will be followed by a question-and-answer session with actor and filmmaker William Wright and staff of the host organizations.
Get Tickets!

Troubled Water chronicles Wright and Chris Yahanda, two Michiganders and life-long best friends, embarking on an epic 36-day, 425-mile journey on standup paddleboards to shed light on man-made threats to Michigan’s fresh water, including the decaying Enbridge Line 5 oil pipeline in the Straits of Mackinac. Watch the inspiring preview here:

Can they overcome the mounting fatigue from the wind, waves, and ever-changing weather to complete their quest? What ecological and life lessons will they learn along the way? 

Get Tickets!

Sponsors:

An abridged and ongoing list: Things Enbridge Takes Credit For

Published on May 23rd, 2024 by - Blog Posts

Do you enjoy celebrating the holidays with your friends and family? How about checking items off your bucket list, or watching the Super Bowl? Are cookies, chips, and pizza some of your guilty pleasures?

Believe it or not, you can thank your friendly neighborhood pipeline company for all of these things and more! (Unless your neighborhood is Marshall, MI.)

We don’t know if this is absolutely bonkers PR, or just some good old-fashioned Search Engine Optimization tactics. But either way, you almost have to admire the chutzpah!

Here is an ongoing list of Things Enbridge Takes Credit For (check back for updates!)

 

Achieving your lifelong dreams

4th of July Celebrations

Chocolate chip cookies

Thanksgiving dinner and parade balloons

Not dying of a heart attack

4th of July Celebrations (again)

Fudge

Back to School shopping

Potato chips

Michigan fall tourism

Thanksgiving dinner and visiting your family

The Super Bowl and Super Bowl parties

Not dying from diabetes

Family fun

County fairs and festivals

Detroit-style pizza and football

Eyeglasses, kayaks, deodorant, etc.

Christmas presents

Christmas decorations

 

But there are some important things Enbridge doesn’t like to take credit for, like being penalized six times by the United States for failing to live up to its commitments on safety; violating the terms of its pipeline easement with Michigan; or operating a pipeline in the open waters of the Straits of Mackinac that is uniquely vulnerable to anchor strikes.